AMD PROCESSORS: AMD Phenom processors for desktop PCs

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From the architectural point of view of the processors of AMD, new the 4 pieces of Phenom of core for desktop PC made on the basis of star architecture (core of Agena) are narrowest parents with new 4 processors of waiter of core AMD Opteron based on the core of Barcelona.

In the full analogy with the core of Barcelona, the star architecture offers a controller of memory of 128 bits with the support of until DDR2-1066, which is also able operation in channel 2 the mode that 64-bit for the independent memory write/operation �reading�. The physical space of addressing is assembled to bit 48, with the support of memory reached TB 256.

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Each of the four cores of the processor of Phenom has its clean 64 cache memory of K L1 for the memory of instructions and 64 of K L1 for the data, which in the total make 512 the memory of K L1 by processor. All the size of L2 cache memory makes 2 the mb, C. - with-D. 512 K by each core. Independently of this, architectures of Barcelona and stars imply availability 2 of the cache memory of the mb L3. To the difference of the cache memory L1 and L2, exclusive for each core, the L3 cache memory is distributed dynamically among all the cores.

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Among the principal characteristics inherent in new the 4 dig the processors of Phenom, should mention the following principal functional possibilities to us:

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New programmer of task at mobile point which now supports 36 news 128 operations of bit
Support of 128 operations of bit SE which emerged in addition to the possibilities of the old architecture 64-bit
Treatment of two operations of SE and a transition from SE per cycle
The shock absorber of module of research of the instruction turned byte 32 (were byte 16)
Achievable junction with the forecast of 512 movements of the indirect branches
The execution of hiding-place of data was climbed of a loading 64-bit by cycle until the loading of 128 bits per cycle
The execution of hiding-place of data of the execution of L2 cache memory was climbed loading 64-bit by cycle until the loading of 128 bits per cycle
The execution of HyperTransport 3.0 let increase the bandwidth in 20.8 GB/s
Execution of virtualizing technology of AMD with the fast indexing of page

Moreover, we should also mention the support of the system of the dynamic ordering of the frequency of clock by each core which emerged in processors of Phenom. Since architecture does not let adjust the electric supply voltage to each core in independent mode, the food of additional energy is given by the reduction of the frequency of clock for each core of the inactivity mode.

With this, the additional power-economy is provided by the technology of AMD CoolCore which lets decontaminate the unutilised functional modules of the core. There is also duelle dynamic technology management of power which lets place levels of tension independent for the core of central processing unit of treatment and the integrated controller of memory. The device with broad band additional of ordering of frequency of AMD provides the most effective mode of power preserving the execution like the change of procedures. In conclusion, the multipoint thermal technology of order that the functions due to the thermal probes integrated in the core takes account of the thermal protection of the piece by detecting the level of temperature and the automatic reduction of the execution with the reasonable limits of the temperature.

Among other technologies of power-economy, should also note to us the mode of food of energy of C1E which is allowed once all the pieces of core of the core is commutated with the mode �makes an attempt�. By doing this, the bus of HyperTransport is handicapped, the memory commutates with the reduced mode of power, with the frequencies of internal clock of the central processing unit of treatment go down appreciably. Of interest is also the device of indicator of saving in power of processor which submits a report with the voltage regulator of the reduction of load, as provides to the support for voltage regulators delivers per square inch. With the conservation of the opposite compatibility of the processors of Phenom of AMD with the VID-order of panels AM2, the new periodic system for the VID-order gives further information of 7 bits of the adjustment of tension (in 12.5 increments of system mv).

The screenshot below depicts the principal differences and the similarities of preceding platform AM2, the new-born AM2+, and the future AM3.

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Aspiration left 'of S a line under this short characteristics of new processors of Phenom. All the new pieces are manufactured with the AMD 36 workmen in Dresden, Germany, using the transformer technology of 65 nanometer and to employ the technology of ONESELF (silicon on the insulator). Each processor of 4 cores contains approximately 463 transistors of mln, with the sector of piece being 285 mm2. All the new processors of Phenom are produced in 940 packages microphone-PGA organics of pin (line of micro grid of Pine) and can be employed with mother charts of casing AM2+. The nominal voltage of food of the core is 1.1 - 1.25 V, the maximum temperature 70�C; the TDP is estimated at 95 W. With its official press release, AMD announced the beginning of the delivery of two processors of Phenom. Phenom 9600 (the frequency of clock 2.3 gigahertz), Phenom 9500 (the frequency of clock 2.2 gigahertz) are embarked at price $283 and $251 in the wholesale fates starting with 1000 GCV. The judgement by the data of the company of the 'presentation of S, inside approximately with the beginning of the year nearest there will appear Phenom 9700 of AMD which, with the frequency of more raised clock, will represent a higher TDP outside. The table below shows the characteristics of every three pieces.

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